In accordance with methodological principles of sociology of knowledge, construction of political reality may be considered as a process of general political knowledge formation. The politics gains reality properties for an individual soon as he learns concepts and symbols, used in the society’s culture to identify specific sphere of political relations. This provides grounds to interpret political reality as symbolic and intersubjective, that is existing only due to human ability to create jointly shared systems of knowledge about authoritative relations in the society by means of signs and symbolic constructions. The paper analyzes cognitive mechanisms creating commonly shared beliefs, values and ideas of political institutional orders. The paper explores the impact of these cognitive mechanisms in shaping and constructing political reality.